IL-23 costimulates antigen-specific MAIT cell activation and enables vaccination against bacterial infection

Wang, Huimeng, Kjer-Nielsen, Lars, Shi, Mai, D?Souza, Criselle, Pediongco, Troi J., Cao, Hanwei, Kostenko, Lyudmila, Lim, Xin Yi, Eckle, Sidonia B. G., Meehan, Bronwyn S., Zhu, Tianyuan, Wang, Bingjie, Zhao, Zhe, Mak, Jeffrey Y. W., Fairlie, David P., Teng, Michele W. L., Rossjohn, Jamie ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-7522, Yu, Di, de St Groth, Barbara Fazekas, Lovrecz, George, Lu, Louis, McCluskey, James, Strugnell, Richard A., Corbett, Alexandra J. and Chen, Zhenjun 2019. IL-23 costimulates antigen-specific MAIT cell activation and enables vaccination against bacterial infection. Science Immunology 4 (41) , eaaw0402. 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaw0402

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Abstract

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are activated in a TCR-dependent manner by antigens derived from the riboflavin synthesis pathway, including 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-d-ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), bound to MHC-related protein-1 (MR1). However, MAIT cell activation in vivo has not been studied in detail. Here, we have found and characterized additional molecular signals required for optimal activation and expansion of MAIT cells after pulmonary Legionella or Salmonella infection in mice. We show that either bone marrow–derived APCs or non–bone marrow–derived cells can activate MAIT cells in vivo, depending on the pathogen. Optimal MAIT cell activation in vivo requires signaling through the inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS), which is highly expressed on MAIT cells. Subsequent expansion and maintenance of MAIT-17/1-type responses are dependent on IL-23. Vaccination with IL-23 plus 5-OP-RU augments MAIT cell–mediated control of pulmonary Legionella infection. These findings reveal cellular and molecular targets for manipulating MAIT cell function under physiological conditions.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	American Association for the Advancement of Science
ISSN:	2470-9468
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	22 November 2019
Date of Acceptance:	18 October 2019
Last Modified:	26 Oct 2022 08:17
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/127078

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