The role of genetic polymorphism and other factors on clopidogrel resistance (CR) in an Asian population with coronary heart disease (CHD)

Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Daud, Nur Aizati Athirah, Sha'aban, Abubakar ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5491-9851, Ng, Mei Li, Abdul Kader, Muhamad Ali Sk, Noor, Dzul Azri Mohamed and Ibrahim, Baharudin 2021. The role of genetic polymorphism and other factors on clopidogrel resistance (CR) in an Asian population with coronary heart disease (CHD). Molecules 26 (7) , 1987. 10.3390/molecules26071987

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Abstract

Clopidogrel is a widely-used antiplatelet drug. It is important for the treatment and prevention of coronary heart disease. Clopidogrel can effectively reduce platelet activity and therefore reduce stent thrombosis. However, some patients still have ischemic events despite taking the clopidogrel due to the alteration in clopidogrel metabolism attributable to various genetic and non-genetic factors. This review aims to summarise the mechanisms and causes of clopidogrel resistance (CR) and potential strategies to overcome it. This review summarised the possible effects of genetic polymorphism on CR among the Asian population, especially CYP2C19 *2 / *3 / *17, where the prevalence rate among Asians was 23.00%, 4.61%, 15.18%, respectively. The review also studied the effects of other factors and appropriate strategies used to overcome CR. Generally, CR among the Asian population was estimated at 17.2–81.6%. Therefore, our overview provides valuable insight into the causes of RC. In conclusion, understanding the prevalence of drug metabolism-related genetic polymorphism, especially CYP2C19 alleles, will enhance clinical understanding of racial differences in drug reactions, contributing to the development of personalised medicine in Asia.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Additional Information:	This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/)
Publisher:	MDPI
ISSN:	1420-3049
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	24 August 2022
Date of Acceptance:	19 March 2021
Last Modified:	16 May 2023 20:50
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/151939

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