Stimulus duration and recognition memory: an attentional subsetting account

Caplan, Jeremy B. and Guitard, Dominic 2024. Stimulus duration and recognition memory: an attentional subsetting account. Journal of Memory and Language 139 , 104556. 10.1016/j.jml.2024.104556

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Abstract

Attentional subsetting theory (Caplan, 2023) posits that only a small subset of item features are attended in episodic recognition tasks. This explained a pivotal finding for the development of recognition models: the near-null list-strength effect, where encoding strength influences recognition similarly in mixed-strength lists and pure-strength lists. Most research uses spaced repetition to manipulate encoding strength. However, the origin of the null list-strength effect was a more unusual manipulation of stimulus duration (1 s versus 2 s) — and reported an inverted list-strength effect. We present an attentional subsetting theory of duration that produces inversions — and explains why they are uncommon: Earlier-attended features dwell within a lower-dimensional feature subspace, which participants can sometimes disregard during test trials of pure-strong lists, giving strong-pure items an extra advantage. The model previously only solved for . We extend it to generate realistic hit and false-alarm rates by deriving the criterion from attention to each probe. Supporting the theory, two pre-registered experimental manipulations of stimulus-duration reproduced robust inverted list-strength effects, suggesting this type of finding is unlikely due to sampling error. This account of stimulus-duration, explaining inverted, as well as upright and null, list-strength effects, could be incorporated in most models with vector representations

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Psychology
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0749-596X
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	4 September 2024
Date of Acceptance:	13 August 2024
Last Modified:	16 Sep 2024 10:02
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/171463

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