Mini review: Interleukin-32 as a key mediator of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis

Pearson, James A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2867-2269 and Hanna, Stephanie J. 2025. Mini review: Interleukin-32 as a key mediator of type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. Frontiers in Immunology 16 , 1641698. 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1641698

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Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreatic islets. The pathogenesis, involving complex interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, is mediated by T cells driven by multiple stimuli including cytokines. Interleukin-32 (IL-32), a predominantly proinflammatory cytokine, has emerged as a potential contributor to T1D pathogenesis. In this review we discuss current knowledge of IL-32 and its role in T1D pathogenesis, examining expression patterns in PBMCs and islets, possible functional mechanisms, and the potential for IL-32 as a biomarker. We will also consider how immunotherapies currently in clinical trials aiming to slow T1D progression may impact IL-32.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Medicine
Publisher:	Frontiers Media
ISSN:	1664-3224
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	5 September 2025
Date of Acceptance:	11 August 2025
Last Modified:	05 Sep 2025 15:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/180942

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