The dual effects of B cell depletion on antigen-specific T cells in BDC2.5NOD mice

Xiang, Yufei, Peng, Jian, Tai, Ningwen, Hu, Changyun, Zhou, Zhiguang, Wong, Florence Susan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2812-8845 and Wen, Li 2012. The dual effects of B cell depletion on antigen-specific T cells in BDC2.5NOD mice. The Journal of Immunology 188 (10) , pp. 4747-4758. 10.4049/jimmunol.1103055

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Abstract

B cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. To investigate the mechanisms by which B cell depletion therapy attenuates islet β cell loss and particularly to examine the effect of B cells on both diabetogenic and regulatory Ag-specific T cells, we generated a transgenic BDC2.5NOD mouse expressing human CD20 on B cells. This allowed us to deplete B cells for defined time periods and investigate the effect of B cell depletion on Ag-specific BDC2.5 T cells. We depleted B cells with anti-human CD20 Ab using a multiple injection protocol. We studied two time points, before and after B cell regeneration, to examine the effect on BDC2.5 T cell phenotype and functions that included antigenic response, cytokine profile, diabetogenicity, and suppressive function of regulatory T (Treg) cells. We found unexpectedly that B cell depletion induced transient aggressive behavior in BDC2.5 diabetogenic T cells and reduction in Treg cell number and function during the depletion period. However, after B cell reconstitution, we found that more regenerated B cells, particularly in the CD1d− fraction, expressed immune regulatory function. Our results suggest that the regenerated B cells are likely to be responsible for the therapeutic effect after B cell depletion. Our preclinical study also provides direct evidence that B cells regulate both pathogenic and Treg cell function, and this knowledge could explain the increased T cell responses to islet Ag after rituximab therapy in diabetic patients in a recent report and will be useful in design of future clinical protocols.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Subjects:	Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR180 Immunology
Publisher:	American Association of Immunologists
ISSN:	0022-1767
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2022 10:16
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/43635

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