Inhibition of in vitro endosomal vesicle fusion activity by aminoglycoside antibiotics

Jones, Arwyn Tomos ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2781-8905 and Wessling-Resnick, M. 1998. Inhibition of in vitro endosomal vesicle fusion activity by aminoglycoside antibiotics. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273 (39) , pp. 25301-25309. 10.1074/jbc.273.39.25301

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Abstract

The effects of two aminoglycoside antibiotics, neomycin and Geneticin, on the endocytic pathway were studied using a cell-free assay that reconstitutes endosome-endosome fusion. Both drugs inhibit the rate and extent of endosome fusion in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of ∼45 μM and ∼1 mm, respectively. Because the IC50 for neomycin falls within the range of affinities reported for its binding to acidic phospholipids, notably phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), these data suggest that negatively charged lipids are required for endosome fusion. A role for negatively charged lipids in membrane traffic has been postulated to involve the activity of a PIP2-dependent phospholipase D (PLD) stimulated by the GTP-binding protein ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF). Although neomycin blocks endosome fusion at a stage of the in vitroreaction that is temporally related to steps inhibited by cytosolic ARFs when they bind guanosine-5′-γ-thiophosphate (GTPγS), these inhibitors appear to act in a synergistic manner. This idea is confirmed by the fact that addition of a PIP2-independent PLD does not suppress neomycin inhibition of endosome fusion; moreover,in vitro fusion activity is not affected by the pleckstrin homology domain of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C δ1, which binds to acidic phospholipids, particularly PIP2, with high affinity. Thus, although aminoglycoside-sensitive elements of endosome fusion are required at mechanistic stages that are also blocked by GTPγS-bound ARF, these effects are unrelated to inhibition of the PIP2-dependent PLD activity stimulated by this GTP-binding protein. These results argue that there are additional mechanistic roles for acidic phospholipids in the endosomal pathway.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Pharmacy
Subjects:	R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Publisher:	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
ISSN:	0021-9258
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2022 09:44
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/67569

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