Enrichment and cultivation of prokaryotes associated with the sulphate-methane transition zone of diffusion-controlled sediments of Aarhus Bay, Denmark under heterotrophic conditions

Webster, Gordon ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9530-7835, Sass, Henrik ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8740-4224, Cragg, Barry Andrew, Gorra, Roberta, Knab, Nina J., Green, Christopher J., Mathes, Falko ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2905-5190, Fry, John Christopher, Weightman, Andrew John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6671-2209 and Parkes, Ronald John 2011. Enrichment and cultivation of prokaryotes associated with the sulphate-methane transition zone of diffusion-controlled sediments of Aarhus Bay, Denmark under heterotrophic conditions. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 77 (2) , pp. 248-263. 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01109.x

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Abstract

Prokaryotic activity and diversity of the sulphate-methane transition zone (SMTZ) of sediments from Aarhus Bay sediments were characterised. This zone had elevated sulphate reduction and anaerobic oxidation of methane, along with some stimulation in the total prokaryotic population, but surprisingly no active methanogenesis (acetoclastic or hydrogenotrophic) was detected. The prokaryotic population was similar to that present in other SMTZs with prokaryotes belonging to the Deltaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, JS1, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, ANME-1, MBG-D/Thermoplasmatales and MCG. Many of these groups were then maintained in a long-term (6 month), heterotrophic (10 mM glucose, acetate), sediment slurry enrichment with repeat low sulphate and acetate additions (∼2 mM). Other prokaryotes were also enriched including methanogens, consistent with methane formation, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Synergistetes and TM6. This slurry was then inoculated into deep-well plates containing a matrix of substrate (glucose, acetate) and sulphate concentrations (85 combinations, 2 media) for further selective enrichment of SMTZ bacteria. These results demonstrate that important SMTZ bacteria can be maintained in long-term cultivation under specific conditions. For example, JS1 always grew in mixed culture with acetate or acetate/glucose plus sulphate. Chloroflexi occurred more widespread, including in the presence of acetate, which had previously not been shown to be a substrate for Chloroflexi subphylum I. However, Chloroflexi was always found in association with other organisms and was more dominant in medium with seawater salt concentrations. These results provide more information about the physiology of a range of SMTZ prokaryotes and shows that many can be maintained under mixed heterotrophic conditions, including those with few or no cultivated representatives.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences Earth and Environmental Sciences
Subjects:	Q Science > QE Geology Q Science > QR Microbiology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sulphate–methane transition zone; Bacteria; Archaea; 16S rRNA gene; PCR-DGGE; marine sediments
Publisher:	Wiley-Blackwell
ISSN:	0168-6496
Funders:	NERC, EU
Last Modified:	15 Nov 2024 22:31
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/7562

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