Therapeutic vaccination expands and improves the function of the HIV-specific memory T-Cell repertoire

Casazza, J., Bowman, K., Adzaku, S., Smith, E., Enama, M., Bailer, R., Price, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9416-2737, Gostick, E., Gordon, I., Ambrozak, D., Nason, M., Roederer, M., Andrews, C., Maldarelli, F., Wiegand, A., Kearney, M., Persaud, D., Ziemniak, C., Gottardo, R., Ledgerwood, J., Graham, B. and Koup, R. 2013. Therapeutic vaccination expands and improves the function of the HIV-specific memory T-Cell repertoire. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 207 (12) , pp. 1829-1840. 10.1093/infdis/jit098

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Abstract

Background. The licensing of herpes zoster vaccine has demonstrated that therapeutic vaccination can help control chronic viral infection. Unfortunately, human trials of immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine have shown only marginal efficacy.Methods. In this double-blind study, 17 HIV-infected individuals with viral loads of <50 copies/mL and CD4+ T-cell counts of >350 cells/μL were randomly assigned to the vaccine or placebo arm. Vaccine recipients received 3 intramuscular injections of HIV DNA (4 mg) coding for clade B Gag, Pol, and Nef and clade A, B, and C Env, followed by a replication-deficient adenovirus type 5 boost (1010 particle units) encoding all DNA vaccine antigens except Nef. Humoral, total T-cell, and CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses were studied before and after vaccination. Single-copy viral loads and frequencies of latently infected CD4+ T cells were determined.Results. Vaccination was safe and well tolerated. Significantly stronger HIV-specific T-cell responses against Gag, Pol, and Env, with increased polyfunctionality and a broadened epitope-specific CTL repertoire, were observed after vaccination. No changes in single-copy viral load or the frequency of latent infection were observed.Conclusions. Vaccination of individuals with existing HIV-specific immunity improved the magnitude, breadth, and polyfunctionality of HIV-specific memory T-cell responses but did not impact markers of viral control.Clinical Trials Registration.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RZ Other systems of medicine
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Adult; AIDS Vaccines; Amino Acid Sequence; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Double-Blind Method; Epitope Mapping; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; Follow-Up Studies; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunity, Humoral; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Recombinant Proteins; T-Lymphocyte Subsets; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Vaccination; Viral Load; Virus Latency
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0022-1899
Date of Acceptance:	27 December 2012
Last Modified:	28 Oct 2022 09:59
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/76316

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