Cross-Presentation of the Oncofetal Tumor Antigen 5T4 from Irradiated Prostate Cancer Cells—A Key Role for Heat-Shock Protein 70 and Receptor CD91

Salimu, Josephine, Spary, Lisa K., Al-Taei, Saly, Clayton, Aled ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-9226, Mason, Malcolm D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1505-2869, Staffurth, John ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7834-3172 and Tabi, Zsuzsanna 2015. Cross-Presentation of the Oncofetal Tumor Antigen 5T4 from Irradiated Prostate Cancer Cells—A Key Role for Heat-Shock Protein 70 and Receptor CD91. Cancer Immunology Research 3 (6) , pp. 678-688. 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-14-0079

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Abstract

Immune responses contribute to the success of radiotherapy of solid tumors; however, the mechanism of triggering CD8+ T-cell responses is poorly understood. Antigen cross-presentation from tumor cells by dendritic cells (DC) is a likely dominant mechanism to achieve CD8+ T-cell stimulation. We established a cross-presentation model in which DCs present a naturally expressed oncofetal tumor antigen (5T4) from irradiated DU145 prostate cancer cells to 5T4-specific T cells. The aim was to establish which immunogenic signals are important in radiation-induced cross-presentation. Radiation (12 Gy) caused G2–M cell-cycle arrest and cell death, increased cellular 5T4 levels, high-mobility protein group-B1 (HMGB1) release, and surface calreticulin and heat-shock protein-70 (Hsp70) expression in DU145 cells. DCs phagocytosed irradiated tumor cells efficiently, followed by upregulation of CD86 on phagocytic DCs. CD8+ 5T4-specific T cells, stimulated with these DCs, proliferated and produced IFNγ. Inhibition of HMGB1 or the TRIF/MyD88 pathway only had a partial effect on T-cell stimulation. Unlike previous investigators, we found no evidence that DCs carrying Asp299Gly Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) single-nucleotide polymorphism had impaired ability to cross-present tumor antigen. However, pretreatment of tumor cells with Hsp70 inhibitors resulted in a highly statistically significant and robust prevention of antigen cross-presentation and CD86 upregulation on DCs cocultured with irradiated tumor cells. Blocking the Hsp70 receptor CD91 also abolished cross-presentation. Together, the results from our study demonstrate that irradiation induces immunologically relevant changes in tumor cells, which can trigger CD8+ T-cell responses via a predominantly Hsp70-dependent antigen cross-presentation process.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Publisher:	American Association for Cancer Research
ISSN:	2326-6066
Date of Acceptance:	5 February 2015
Last Modified:	16 Nov 2022 11:46
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/77258

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