Lipoprotein-apheresis reduces circulating microparticles in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia

Connolly, Katherine D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1074-1710, Willis, Gareth R., Datta, Dev B.N., Ellins, Elizabeth A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5164-6416, Ladell, Kristin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9856-2938, Price, David A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9416-2737, Guschina, Irina A., Rees, D. Aled ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1165-9092 and James, Philip E. 2014. Lipoprotein-apheresis reduces circulating microparticles in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia. Journal of Lipid Research 55 , pp. 2064-2072. 10.1194/jlr.M049726

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Abstract

Lipoprotein-apheresis (apheresis) removes LDL-cholesterol in patients with severe dyslipidemia. However, reduction is transient, indicating that the long-term cardiovascular benefits of apheresis may not solely be due to LDL removal. Microparticles (MPs) are submicron vesicles released from the plasma membrane of cells. MPs, particularly platelet-derived MPs, are increasingly being linked to the pathogenesis of many diseases. We aimed to characterize the effect of apheresis on MP size, concentration, cellular origin, and fatty acid concentration in individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Plasma and MP samples were collected from 12 individuals with FH undergoing routine apheresis. Tunable resistive pulse sensing (np200) and nanoparticle tracking analysis measured a fall in MP concentration (33 and 15%, respectively; P < 0.05) pre- to post-apheresis. Flow cytometry showed MPs were predominantly annexin V positive and of platelet (CD41) origin both pre- (88.9%) and post-apheresis (88.4%). Fatty acid composition of MPs differed from that of plasma, though apheresis affected a similar profile of fatty acids in both compartments, as measured by GC-flame ionization detection. MP concentration was also shown to positively correlate with thrombin generation potential. In conclusion, we show apheresis nonselectively removes annexin V-positive platelet-derived MPs in individuals with FH. These MPs are potent inducers of coagulation and are elevated in CVD; this reduction in pathological MPs could relate to the long-term benefits of apheresis.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine Biosciences Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Additional Information:	Free via Creative Commons: CC-BY license
Publisher:	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
ISSN:	0022-2275
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	6 September 2017
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2024 15:38
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/79101

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