mTOR and autophagy: a dynamic relationship governed by nutrients and energy

Dunlop, Elaine ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9209-7561 and Tee, Andrew ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5577-4631 2014. mTOR and autophagy: a dynamic relationship governed by nutrients and energy. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology 36 , pp. 121-129. 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.08.006

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Abstract

Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) functions as a key homeostatic regulator of cell growth and orchestrates whether anabolic or catabolic reactions are favoured. mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) manages multiple biosynthetic pathways and promotes cell growth when nutrients are in plentiful supply. Many advances have been made over the last decade on nutrient sensing centred on mTORC1. Recent research reveals that mTORC1 maintains nutrient homeostasis through lysosomal biogenesis and autophagic processes. Cells utilise autophagy to recycle damaged or unwanted organelles and macromolecules and in so doing, generate energy and recover precursor building blocks necessary for normal growth. It is clear that mTOR and autophagy are closely integrated within cells, where defects in signalling through both pathways are known to drive the onset of a range of human diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative disease. This review focuses on the dynamic signalling interplay between mTOR and autophagy, which is governed by a core set of proteins that sense nutrients at lysosomal membranes.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	1084-9521
Last Modified:	15 Sep 2024 14:08
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/79197

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