Microcirculation abnormalities provoked by Loxosceles spiders' envenomation

Cristina de Oliveira-Lima, Kátia, Farsky, Sandra Helena P., Lopes, Priscila Hess, de Andrade, Rute Maria Gonçalves, Van Den Berg, Carmen Wilma and Tambourgi, Denise V. 2016. Microcirculation abnormalities provoked by Loxosceles spiders' envenomation. Toxicon 116 , pp. 35-42. 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.08.005

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Abstract

Loxoscelism is caused by envenomation by spiders from Loxosceles genus. Clinical symptoms only appear a few hours after envenomation and can evolve in local reactions, such as dermonecrosis, and systemic reactions, including intravascular haemolysis, intravascular coagulation and renal failure. Considering that alterations in the microcirculatory network are involved in the pathogenesis of different diseases, including the inflammatory process, the aim of this study was to investigate the action of venoms of males and females of Loxosceles intermedia and Loxosceles laeta on the microcirculatory network and examine the systemic production of inflammatory mediators in a murine model of loxoscelism. We observed that during systemic envenomation, the alterations in the microcirculation include increase in the number of rolling cells, which was more intense in animals injected with female Loxosceles spider venoms. This positively correlated with increase in TNF-α and NO serum levels, induction of which was higher by female venoms when compared with male venoms. The increase of leukocytes rolling was not accompanied by increase of cell adhesion. The absence of leukocyte extravasation may explain why in mice, in contrast to humans, no cutaneous loxoscelism occurs. Thus, targeting the neutrophil adhesion and extravasation in Loxosceles envenomed patients may prevent cutaneous pathology.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Inter- and intra-specific variations; Loxosceles spider venom; Microcirculation.
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	0041-0101
Date of Acceptance:	4 August 2015
Last Modified:	01 Sep 2017 13:55
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/103348

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