Variations in presentation, management, and patient outcomes of urinary tract infection: a prospective four-country primary care observational cohort study

Butler, Christopher C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0102-3453, Francis, Nick ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8939-7312, Thomas-Jones, Emma ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7716-2786, Llor, Carl, Bongard, Emily ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5957-6280, Moore, Michael, Little, Paul, Bates, Janine, Lau, Many ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5894-570X, Pickles, Timothy ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7743-0234, Gal, Micaela ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1326-190X, Wootton, Mandy, Kirby, Nigel, Gillespie, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-2928, Rumbsy, Kate, Brugman, Curt, Hood, Kerenza ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-8631 and Verheij, Theo 2017. Variations in presentation, management, and patient outcomes of urinary tract infection: a prospective four-country primary care observational cohort study. British Journal of General Practice 67 (665) , e830-e841. 10.3399/bjgp17X693641

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Abstract

Background Regional variations in the presentation of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) and pathogen sensitivity to antibiotics have been cited as reasons to justify differences in how the infections are managed, which includes the prescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Aim To describe presentation and management of UTI in primary care settings, and explore the association with patient recovery, taking microbiological findings and case mix into account. Design and setting Prospective observational study of females with symptoms of uncomplicated UTI presenting to primary care networks in England, Wales, the Netherlands, and Spain. Method Clinicians recorded history, symptom severity, management, and requested mid-stream urine culture. Participants recorded, in a diary, symptom severity each day for 14 days. Time to recovery was compared between patient characteristics and between countries using two-level Cox proportional hazards models, with patients nested within practices. In total, 797 females attending primary care networks in England (n = 246, 30.9% of cohort), Wales (n = 213, 26.7%), the Netherlands (n = 133, 16.7%), and Spain (n = 205, 25.7%) were included. In total, 259 (35.8%, 95% confidence interval 32.3 to 39.2) of 726 females for whom there was a result were urine culture positive for UTI. Pathogens and antibiotic sensitivities were similar. Empirical antibiotics were prescribed for 95.1% in England, 92.9% in Wales, 95.1% in Spain, and 59.4% in the Netherlands There were no meaningful differences at a country network level before and after controlling for severity, prior UTIs, and antibiotic prescribing. Conclusion Variation in presentation and management of uncomplicated UTI at a country primary care network level is clinically unwarranted and highlights a lack of consensus concerning optimal symptom control and antibiotic prescribing. Results

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Royal College of General Practitioners
ISSN:	0960-1643
Funders:	EU FP7
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	21 September 2017
Date of Acceptance:	28 April 2017
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2024 01:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/104934

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