The balloon-borne large aperture submillimeter telescope (BLAST) 2005: a 4 deg2 galactic plane survey in vulpecula (ℓ = 59°)

Chapin, E. L., Ade, Peter A. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5127-0401, Bock, J. J., Brunt, C., Devlin, M. J., Dicker, S., Griffin, Matthew Joseph ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0033-177X, Gundersen, J. O., Halpern, M., Hargrave, Peter Charles ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3109-6629, Hughes, D. H., Klein, J., Marsden, Gaelen, Martin, P. G., Mauskopf, Philip Daniel ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-5516, Netterfield, C. B., Olmi, L., Pascale, Enzo ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3242-8154, Patanchon, G., Rex, M., Scott, D., Semisch, C., Truch, M. D. P., Tucker, Carole Elizabeth ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1851-3918, Tucker, G. S., Viero, M. P. and Wiebe, D. V. 2008. The balloon-borne large aperture submillimeter telescope (BLAST) 2005: a 4 deg2 galactic plane survey in vulpecula (ℓ = 59°). Astrophysical Journal 681 (1) , pp. 428-452. 10.1086/588544

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Abstract

We present the first results from a new 250, 350, and 500 μm Galactic plane survey taken with the Balloon-borne Large-Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) in 2005. This survey's primary goal is to identify and characterize high-mass protostellar objects (HMPOs). The region studied here covers 4 deg2 near the open cluster NGC 6823 in the constellation Vulpecula ( = 59°). We find 60 compact sources (<60'' diameter) detected simultaneously in all three bands. Their SEDs are constrained through BLAST, IRAS, Spitzer MIPS, and MSX photometry, with inferred dust temperatures spanning ~12-40 K assuming a dust emissivity index β = 1.5. The luminosity-to-mass ratio, a distance-independent quantity, spans ~0.2-130 L M−1. Distances are estimated from coincident 13CO(1→ 0) velocities combined with a variety of other velocity and morphological data in the literature. In total, 49 sources are associated with a molecular cloud complex encompassing NGC 6823 (distance ~2.3 kpc), 10 objects with the Perseus arm (~8.5 kpc), and one object is probably in the outer Galaxy (~14 kpc). Near NGC 6823, the inferred luminosities and masses of BLAST sources span ~40-104 L and ~15-700 M, respectively. The mass spectrum is compatible with molecular gas masses in other high-mass star-forming regions. Several luminous sources appear to be ultracompact H II regions powered by early B stars. However, many of the objects are cool, massive gravitationally bound clumps with no obvious internal radiation from a protostar, and hence excellent HMPO candidates.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Physics and Astronomy
Subjects:	Q Science > QB Astronomy
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Balloons ; ISM: clouds ; Stars: formation ; Submillimeter
Publisher:	American Astronomical Society
ISSN:	0004-637X
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2025 21:20
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/10974

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