The type III secretion effector NleF of enteropathogenic escherichia coli activates NF-κB early during infection

Pallett, Mitchell A., Berger, Cedric N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1316-5985, Pearson, Jaclyn S., Hartland, Elizabeth L., Frankel, Gad and Bäumler, A. J. 2014. The type III secretion effector NleF of enteropathogenic escherichia coli activates NF-κB early during infection. Infection and Immunity 82 (11) , pp. 4878-4888. 10.1128/IAI.02131-14

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Abstract

The enteric pathogens enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli employ a type 3 secretion system (T3SS) to manipulate the host inflammatory response during infection. Previously, it has been reported that EPEC, in a T3SS-dependent manner, induces an early proinflammatory response through activation of NF-κB via extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ). However, the activation of NF-κB during infection has not yet been attributed to an effector. At later time points postinfection, NF-κB signaling is inhibited through the translocation of multiple effectors, including NleE and NleC. Here we report that the highly conserved non-LEE (locus of enterocyte effacement)-encoded effector F (NleF) shows both diffuse and mitochondrial localization during ectopic expression. Moreover, NleF induces the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and the expression of interleukin 8 (IL-8) following ectopic expression and during EPEC infection. Furthermore, the proinflammatory activity and localization of NleF were dependent on the C-terminal amino acids LQCG. While the C-terminal domain of NleF has previously been shown to be essential for interaction with caspase-4, caspase-8, and caspase-9, the proinflammatory activity of NleF was independent of interaction with caspase-4, -8, or -9. In conclusion, EPEC, through the T3SS-dependent translocation of NleF, induces a proinflammatory response in an NF-κB-dependent manner in the early stages of infection.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Publisher:	American Society for Microbiology
ISSN:	0019-9567
Date of Acceptance:	23 August 2014
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2022 07:21
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/114704

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