The minimum open reading frame, AUG-stop, induces boron-dependent ribosome stalling and mRNA degradation

Tanaka, Mayuki, Sotta, Naoyuki ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5558-5155, Yamazumi, Yusuke, Yamashita, Yui, Miwa, Kyoko, Murota, Katsunori, Chiba, Yukako, Hirai, Masami Yokota, Akiyama, Tetsu, Onouchi, Hitoshi, Naito, Satoshi and Fujiwara, Toru 2016. The minimum open reading frame, AUG-stop, induces boron-dependent ribosome stalling and mRNA degradation. Plant Cell 28 (11) , p. 2830. 10.1105/tpc.16.00481

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Abstract

Upstream open reading frames (uORFs) are often translated ahead of the main ORF of a gene and regulate gene expression, sometimes in a condition-dependent manner, but such a role for the minimum uORF (hereafter referred to as AUG-stop) in living organisms is currently unclear. Here, we show that AUG-stop plays an important role in the boron (B)-dependent regulation of NIP5;1, encoding a boric acid channel required for normal growth under low B conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana. High B enhanced ribosome stalling at AUG-stop, which was accompanied by the suppression of translation and mRNA degradation. This mRNA degradation was promoted by an upstream conserved sequence present near the 5′-edge of the stalled ribosome. Once ribosomes translate a uORF, reinitiation of translation must take place in order for the downstream ORF to be translated. Our results suggest that reinitiation of translation at the downstream NIP5;1 ORF is enhanced under low B conditions. A genome-wide analysis identified two additional B-responsive genes, SKU5 and the transcription factor gene ABS/NGAL1, which were regulated by B-dependent ribosome stalling through AUG-stop. This regulation was reproduced in both plant and animal transient expression and cell-free translation systems. These findings suggest that B-dependent AUG-stop-mediated regulation is common in eukaryotes.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Publisher:	American Society of Plant Biologists
ISSN:	1040-4651
Date of Acceptance:	19 September 2016
Last Modified:	04 Nov 2022 12:14
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/122322

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