Cancer risks by gene, age, and gender in 6350 carriers of pathogenic mismatch repair variants: findings from the Prospective Lynch Syndrome Database

Dominguez-Valentin, Mev, Sampson, Julian R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2902-2348, Seppälä, Toni T., ten Broeke, Sanne W., Plazzer, John-Paul, Nakken, Sigve, Engel, Christoph, Aretz, Stefan, Jenkins, Mark A., Sunde, Lone, Bernstein, Inge, Capella, Gabriel, Balaguer, Francesc, Thomas, Huw, Evans, D. Gareth, Burn, John, Greenblatt, Marc, Hovig, Eivind, de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel, Wouter H., Sijmons, Rolf H., Bertario, Lucio, Tibiletti, Maria Grazia, Cavestro, Giulia Martina, Lindblom, Annika, Della Valle, Adriana, Lopez-Köstner, Francisco, Gluck, Nathan, Katz, Lior H., Heinimann, Karl, Vaccaro, Carlos A., Büttner, Reinhard, Görgens, Heike, Holinski-Feder, Elke, Morak, Monika, Holzapfel, Stefanie, Hüneburg, Robert, Knebel Doeberitz, Magnus von, Loeffler, Markus, Rahner, Nils, Schackert, Hans K., Steinke-Lange, Verena, Schmiegel, Wolff, Vangala, Deepak, Pylvänäinen, Kirsi, Renkonen-Sinisalo, Laura, Hopper, John L., Win, Aung Ko, Haile, Robert W., Lindor, Noralane M., Gallinger, Steven, Le Marchand, Loïc, Newcomb, Polly A., Figueiredo, Jane C., Thibodeau, Stephen N., Wadt, Karin, Therkildsen, Christina, Okkels, Henrik, Ketabi, Zohreh, Moreira, Leticia, Sánchez, Ariadna, Serra-Burriel, Miquel, Pineda, Marta, Navarro, Matilde, Blanco, Ignacio, Green, Kate, Lalloo, Fiona, Crosbie, Emma J., Hill, James, Denton, Oliver G., Frayling, Ian M., Rødland, Einar Andreas, Vasen, Hans, Mints, Miriam, Neffa, Florencia, Esperon, Patricia, Alvarez, Karin, Kariv, Revital, Rosner, Guy, Pinero, Tamara Alejandra, Gonzalez, María Laura, Kalfayan, Pablo, Tjandra, Douglas, Winship, Ingrid M., Macrae, Finlay, Möslein, Gabriela, Mecklin, Jukka-Pekka, Nielsen, Maartje and Møller, Pål 2020. Cancer risks by gene, age, and gender in 6350 carriers of pathogenic mismatch repair variants: findings from the Prospective Lynch Syndrome Database. Genetics in Medicine 22 , pp. 15-25. 10.1038/s41436-019-0596-9

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Abstract

Purpose Pathogenic variants affecting MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 cause Lynch syndrome and result in different but imprecisely known cancer risks. This study aimed to provide age and organ-specific cancer risks according to gene and gender and to determine survival after cancer. Methods We conducted an international, multicenter prospective observational study using independent test and validation cohorts of carriers of class 4 or class 5 variants. After validation the cohorts were merged providing 6350 participants and 51,646 follow-up years. Results There were 1808 prospectively observed cancers. Pathogenic MLH1 and MSH2 variants caused high penetrance dominant cancer syndromes sharing similar colorectal, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risks, but older MSH2 carriers had higher risk of cancers of the upper urinary tract, upper gastrointestinal tract, brain, and particularly prostate. Pathogenic MSH6 variants caused a sex-limited trait with high endometrial cancer risk but only modestly increased colorectal cancer risk in both genders. We did not demonstrate a significantly increased cancer risk in carriers of pathogenic PMS2 variants. Ten-year crude survival was over 80% following colon, endometrial, or ovarian cancer. Conclusion Management guidelines for Lynch syndrome may require revision in light of these different gene and gender-specific risks and the good prognosis for the most commonly associated cancers.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Additional Information:	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Publisher:	Springer Nature
ISSN:	1098-3600
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	15 August 2019
Date of Acceptance:	17 June 2019
Last Modified:	05 May 2023 12:52
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/124953

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