Markov chain modeling of HIV, tuberculosis, and Hepatitis B transmission in Ghana

Twumasi, Clement, Asiedu, Louis and Nortey, Ezekiel N. N. 2019. Markov chain modeling of HIV, tuberculosis, and Hepatitis B transmission in Ghana. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2019 , pp. 1-8. 10.1155/2019/9362492

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Abstract

Several mathematical and standard epidemiological models have been proposed in studying infectious disease dynamics. These models help to understand the spread of disease infections. However, most of these models are not able to estimate other relevant disease metrics such as probability of first infection and recovery as well as the expected time to infection and recovery for both susceptible and infected individuals. That is, most of the standard epidemiological models used in estimating transition probabilities (TPs) are not able to generalize the transition estimates of disease outcomes at discrete time steps for future predictions. This paper seeks to address the aforementioned problems through a discrete-time Markov chain model. Secondary datasets from cohort studies were collected on HIV, tuberculosis (TB), and hepatitis B (HB) cases from a regional hospital in Ghana. The Markov chain model revealed that hepatitis B was more infectious over time than tuberculosis and HIV even though the probability of first infection of these diseases was relatively low within the study population. However, individuals infected with HIV had comparatively lower life expectancies than those infected with tuberculosis and hepatitis B. Discrete-time Markov chain technique is recommended as viable for modeling disease dynamics in Ghana.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Mathematics
Additional Information:	This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Publisher:	Hindawi Publishing Corporation
ISSN:	1687-708X
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	20 November 2019
Date of Acceptance:	18 September 2019
Last Modified:	06 Jul 2023 17:44
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/127013

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