Variation in the oral processing of everyday meals is associated with fullness and meal size; a potential nudge to reduce energy intake?

Ferriday, D, Bosworth, M ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1391-7515, Godinot, N, Martin, N, Forde, C, Van Den Heuval, E, Appleton, S, Mercer Moss, F, Rogers, P and Brunstrom, J 2016. Variation in the oral processing of everyday meals is associated with fullness and meal size; a potential nudge to reduce energy intake? Nutrients 8 (5) , 315. 10.3390/nu8050315

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Abstract

Laboratory studies have demonstrated that experimental manipulations of oral processing can have a marked effect on energy intake. Here, we explored whether variations in oral processing across a range of unmodified everyday meals could affect post-meal fullness and meal size. In Study 1, female participants (N = 12) attended the laboratory over 20 lunchtime sessions to consume a 400-kcal portion of a different commercially available pre-packaged meal. Prior to consumption, expected satiation was assessed. During each meal, oral processing was characterised using: (i) video-recordings of the mouth and (ii) real-time measures of plate weight. Hunger and fullness ratings were elicited pre- and post-consumption, and for a further three hours. Foods that were eaten slowly had higher expected satiation and delivered more satiation and satiety. Building on these findings, in Study 2 we selected two meals (identical energy density) from Study 1 that were equally liked but maximised differences in oral processing. On separate days, male and female participants (N = 24) consumed a 400-kcal portion of either the “fast” or “slow” meal followed by an ad libitum meal (either the same food or a dessert). When continuing with the same food, participants consumed less of the slow meal. Further, differences in food intake during the ad libitum meal were not compensated at a subsequent snacking opportunity an hour later. Together, these findings suggest that variations in oral processing across a range of unmodified everyday meals can affect fullness after consuming a fixed portion and can also impact meal size. Modifying food form to encourage increased oral processing (albeit to a lesser extent than in experimental manipulations) might represent a viable target for food manufacturers to help to nudge consumers to manage their weight.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	MDPI
ISSN:	2072-6643
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	27 November 2019
Date of Acceptance:	1 April 2016
Last Modified:	05 May 2023 12:47
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/127156

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