CATS II long-term anthropometric and metabolic effects of maternal sub-optimal thyroid function in offspring and mothers

Muller, Ilaria ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-0722, Taylor, Peter N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3436-422X, Daniel, Rhian M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5649-9320, Hales, Charlotte ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-6626, Scholz, Anna, Candler, Toby, Pettit, Rebecca J., Evans, William D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-8205, Shillabeer, Dionne, Draman, Mohd S., Dayan, Colin M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-3462, Tang, Hiu K. C., Okosieme, Onyebuchi, Gregory, John W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-3812, Lazarus, John H., Rees, D. Aled ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1165-9092 and Ludgate, Marian E. 2020. CATS II long-term anthropometric and metabolic effects of maternal sub-optimal thyroid function in offspring and mothers. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 105 (7) , dgaa129. 10.1210/clinem/dgaa129

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Abstract

Context and Objectives The Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening Study I (CATS-I) was a randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of levothyroxine therapy for suboptimal gestational thyroid function (SGTF), comparing outcomes in children of treated (SGTF-T) with untreated (SGTF-U) women during pregnancy. This follow-up study, CATS-II, reports the long-term effects on anthropometric, bone, and cardiometabolic outcomes in mothers and offspring and includes a group with normal gestational thyroid function (NGTF). Design & Participants 332 mothers (197 NGTF, 56 SGTF-U, 79 SGTF-T) aged 41.2±5.3 years (mean±SD) and 326 paired children assessed 9.3±1.0 years after birth for (i) body mass index (BMI); (ii) lean, fat, and bone mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; (iii) blood pressure, augmentation index, and aortic pulse-wave-velocity; and (iv) thyroid function, lipids, insulin, and adiponectin. The difference between group means was compared using linear regression. Results Offspring’s measurements were similar between groups. Although maternal BMI was similar between groups at CATS-I, after 9 years (at CATS-II) SGTF-U mothers showed higher BMI (median [interquartile ratio] 28.3 [24.6-32.6] kg/m2) compared with NGTF (25.8 [22.9-30.0] kg/m2; P = 0.029), driven by fat mass increase. At CATS-II SGTF-U mothers also had higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values (2.45 [1.43-3.50] mU/L) than NGTF (1.54 [1.12-2.07] mU/L; P = 0.015), since 64% had never received levothyroxine. At CATS-II, SGTF-T mothers had BMI (25.8 [23.1-29.8] kg/m2, P = 0.672) and TSH (1.68 [0.89-2.96] mU/L; P = 0.474) values similar to NGTF mothers. Conclusions Levothyroxine supplementation of women with SGTF did not affect long-term offspring anthropometric, bone, and cardiometabolic measurements. However, absence of treatment was associated with sustained long-term increase in BMI and fat mass in women with SGTF.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
ISSN:	0021-972X
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	17 June 2020
Date of Acceptance:	1 April 2020
Last Modified:	06 Nov 2024 07:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/132547

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