The impact of automation on pharmacy staff experience of workplace stressors

James, K. Lynette, Barlow, Dave, Bithell, Anne, Hiom, Sarah, Lord, Sue, Oakley, Pat, Pollard, Mike, Roberts, Dave, Way, Cheryl and Whittlesea, Cate 2013. The impact of automation on pharmacy staff experience of workplace stressors. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 21 (2) , pp. 105-116. 10.1111/j.2042-7174.2012.00231.x

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Abstract

Objective Determine the effect of installing an original pack automated dispensing system (ADS ) on staff experience of occupational stressors. Methods Pharmacy staff in a N ational H ealth S ervice hospital in W ales, UK, were administered an anonymous occupational stressor questionnaire pre‐ (n  = 45) and post‐automation (n  = 32). Survey responses pre‐ and post‐automation were compared using M ann–W hitney U test. Statistical significance was P  ≤ 0.05. Four focus groups were conducted (two groups of accredited checking technicians (ACTs ) (group 1: n  = 4; group 2: n  = 6), one group of pharmacists (n  = 17), and one group of technicians (n  = 4) post‐automation to explore staff experiences of occupational stressors. Focus group transcripts were analysed according to framework analysis. Key findings Survey response rate pre‐automation was 78% (n  = 35) and 49% (n  = 16) post‐automation. Automation had a positive impact on staff experience of stress (P  = 0.023), illogical workload allocation (P  = 0.004) and work–life balance (P  = 0.05). All focus‐group participants reported that automation had created a spacious working environment. Pharmacists and ACTs reported that automation had enabled the expansion of their roles. Technicians felt like ‘production‐line workers.’ Robot malfunction was a source of stress. Conclusion The findings suggest that automation had a positive impact on staff experience of stressors, improving working conditions and workload. Technicians reported that ADS devalued their skills. When installing ADS , pharmacy managers must consider the impact of automation on staff. Strategies to reduce stressors associated with automation include rotating staff activities and role expansions.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Pharmacy
Publisher:	Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain
ISSN:	0961-7671
Date of Acceptance:	29 April 2012
Last Modified:	23 Jun 2020 15:38
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/132661

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