Silica-immobilized Aquivion PFSA superacid: application to heterogeneous direct etherification of glycerol with n-butanol

Fang, Wenhao, Wang, Sheng, Liebens, Armin, De Campo, Floryan, Xu, Hualong, Shen, Wei, Pera-Titus, Marc and Clacens, Jean-Marc 2015. Silica-immobilized Aquivion PFSA superacid: application to heterogeneous direct etherification of glycerol with n-butanol. Catalysis Science and Technology 5 (8) , pp. 3980-3990. 10.1039/C5CY00534E

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Abstract

We report the effective heterogenization of polymeric perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) Aquivion® resin in a silica network for the direct etherification of glycerol with aliphatic n-butanol. The Aquivion-silica composites, prepared by a template-free sol–gel method, presented a large specific surface area, affording highly accessible acid sulfonic groups. The textural and bulk/surface properties of the hybrid composites were characterized in-depth using TGA, acid–base titration, N2 adsorption–desorption, XRD, TEM, FTIR, Raman, CP-MAS NMR and XPS. The Aquivion-silica composites exhibited a high catalytic activity (91% n-butanol conversion) and selectivity (45% butyl glyceryl monoether yield) while they lowered the formation of by-product (6% dibutyl ether yield) as compared to benchmark homogeneous and heterogeneous acid catalysts. The catalyst was reusable and maintained a stable performance after six consecutive cycles.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Chemistry Cardiff Catalysis Institute (CCI)
Publisher:	Royal Society of Chemistry
ISSN:	2044-4753
Date of Acceptance:	20 May 2015
Last Modified:	11 Jan 2021 16:15
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137430

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