Anus

Adams, Richard and Crosby, Tom 2009. Anus. Hanna, Louise, Crosby, Tom and Macbeth, Fergus, eds. Practical Clinical Oncology, Cambridge University Press, pp. 174-182. (10.1017/CBO9780511545375.015)

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Abstract

Anal cancer, like carcinoma of the cervix, is strongly associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. In the past few decades, treatment has swung away dramatically from primary surgery to definitive chemoradiotherapy, with the evident physical and psychosocial benefits of organ preservation. Tumours of lower stage T1 or T2, N0, have an excellent outcome with the chemoradiotherapy approach. Unfortunately, many patients present with T3, T4 or N ≥ 1 disease and they have a significant risk of both locoregional and subsequent distant failure. Half of patients still die within 5 years of treatment. Therefore, efforts are ongoing to improve outcomes via better local and systemic therapy.

Item Type:	Book Section
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Medicine Research Institutes & Centres > Centre for Trials Research (CNTRR)
Publisher:	Cambridge University Press
ISBN:	9780511545375
Last Modified:	07 Jun 2021 14:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/141120

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