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A randomised evaluation of low-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) plus tosedostat versus low-dose ara-C in older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia: results of the LI-1 trial

Dennis, Mike, Burnett, Alan, Hills, Robert, Thomas, Ian, Ariti, Cono ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7615-0935, Severinsen, Marianne, Hemmaway, Claire, Greaves, Paul, Clark, Richard, Copland, Mhairi and Russell, Nigel 2021. A randomised evaluation of low-dose cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) plus tosedostat versus low-dose ara-C in older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia: results of the LI-1 trial. British Journal of Haematology 194 (2) , pp. 298-308. 10.1111/bjh.17501

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Abstract

Older patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) account for nearly half of those with the disease. Because they are perceived to be unfit for, unwilling to receive, or unlikely to benefit from conventional chemotherapy they represent an important unmet need. Tosedostat is a selective oral aminopeptidase inhibitor, which in phase I/II trials showed acceptable toxicity and encouraging efficacy. We report the only randomised study of low‐dose cytosine arabinoside (LDAC) combined with tosedostat (LDAC‐T) versus LDAC in untreated older patients not suitable for intensive treatment. A total of 243 patients were randomised 1:1 as part of the ‘Pick‐a‐Winner’ LI‐1 trial. There was a statistically non‐significant increase in the complete remission (CR) rate with the addition of tosedostat, LDAC‐T 19% versus LDAC 12% [odds ratio (OR) 0·61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·30–1·23; P = 0·17]. For overall response (CR+CR with incomplete recovery of counts), there was little evidence of a benefit to the addition of tosedostat (25% vs. 18%; OR 0·68, 95% CI 0·37–1·27; P = 0·22). However, overall survival (OS) showed no difference (2‐year OS 16% vs. 12%, hazard ratio 0·97, 95% CI 0·73–1·28; P = 0·8). Exploratory analyses failed to identify any subgroup benefitting from tosedostat. Despite promising pre‐clinical, early non‐randomised clinical data with acceptable toxicity and an improvement in response, we did not find evidence that the addition of tosedostat to LDAC produced a survival benefit in this group of patients with AML.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Centre for Trials Research (CNTRR)
Publisher: Wiley
ISSN: 0007-1048
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 10 May 2021
Date of Acceptance: 1 April 2021
Last Modified: 06 May 2023 01:21
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/141176

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