The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: detection of millimeter-wave transient sources

Naess, Sigurd, Battaglia, Nick, Bond, J. Richard, Calabrese, Erminia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-0068, Choi, Steve K., Cothard, Nicholas F., Devlin, Mark, Duell, Cody J., Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J., Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Gallardo, Patricio A., Gralla, Megan, Guan, Yilun, Halpern, Mark, Colin Hill, J., Hilton, Matt, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur B., Madhavacheril, Mathew S., McMahon, Jeff, Nati, Federico, Niemack, Michael D., Page, Lyman, Partridge, Bruce, Salatino, Maria, Sehgal, Neelima, Spergel, David, Staggs, Suzanne, Wollack, Edward J. and Xu, Zhilei 2021. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: detection of millimeter-wave transient sources. Astrophysical Journal 915 (1) , 14. 10.3847/1538-4357/abfe6d

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Abstract

We report on the serendipitous discovery of three transient millimeter-wave sources using data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope. The first, detected at R.A. = 273.8138, decl. = −49.4628 at ~50σ total, brightened from less than 5 mJy to at least 1100 mJy at 150 GHz with an unknown rise time shorter than 13 days, during which the increase from 250 mJy to 1100 mJy took only 8 minutes. Maximum flux was observed on 2019 November 8. The source's spectral index in flux between 90–150 GHz was positive, α = 1.5 ± 0.2. The second, detected at R.A. = 105.1584, decl. = −11.2434 at ~20σ total, brightened from less than 20 mJy to at least 300 mJy at 150 GHz with an unknown rise time shorter than 8 days. Maximum flux was observed on 2019 December 15. Its spectral index was also positive, α = 1.8 ± 0.2. The third, detected at R.A. = 301.9952, decl. = 16.1652 at ~40σ total, brightened from less than 8 mJy to at least 300 mJy at 150 GHz over a day or less but decayed over a few days. Maximum flux was observed on 2018 September 11. Its spectrum was approximately flat, with a spectral index of α = −0.2 ± 0.1. None of the sources were polarized to the limits of these measurements. The two rising-spectrum sources are coincident in position with M and K stars, while the third is coincident with a G star.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Physics and Astronomy
Publisher:	American Astronomical Society
ISSN:	1538-4357
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	6 July 2021
Date of Acceptance:	3 May 2021
Last Modified:	27 Oct 2022 15:16
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/142437

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