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Vertical and horizontal dissemination of an IncC plasmid harbouring rmtB 16S rRNA methylase gene, conferring resistance to plazomicin, among invasive ST258 and ST16 KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

Roch, Mélanie, Sierra, Roberto, Sands, Kirsty, Martins, Willames M.B.S., Schrenzel, Jacques, Walsh, Timothy R., Gales, Ana C. and Andrey, Diego O. 2021. Vertical and horizontal dissemination of an IncC plasmid harbouring rmtB 16S rRNA methylase gene, conferring resistance to plazomicin, among invasive ST258 and ST16 KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance 24 , pp. 183-189. 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.12.006

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Abstract

Objectives Carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major clinical challenge. Aminoglycosides remain an important asset in the current therapeutic arsenal to treat these infections. We examined aminoglycoside resistance phenotypes and genomics in a collection of 100 invasive KPC-producing K. pneumoniae isolates sequentially collected in a Brazilian tertiary hospital between 2014 and 2016. Methods Aminoglycoside susceptibility testing was performed. We used a combined long-read (MinION) and short-read (Illumina) whole-genome sequencing strategy to provide a genomic picture of aminoglycoside resistance genes, with particular emphasis on 16S rRNA methyltransferases and related plasmids. Results 68% of the strains were resistant to gentamicin and 42% to amikacin, with 35% resistant to both of these commonly used aminoglycosides. We identified the 16S rRNA methyltransferase gene rmtB in 30% of these isolates: 97% (29/30) belonged to sequence type 258 (ST258) and a single isolate to the emergent ST16 clone. In ST258 and ST16 the rmtB gene was located on large IncC plasmids of 177 kb and 174 kb, respectively, highly similar to a plasmid previously identified in Proteus mirabilis in the same hospital. Moreover, 99% of the isolates remained susceptible to the veterinary-approved drug apramycin, currently under clinical development for human medicine. Conclusion Such findings in geographically and temporally related isolates suggest a combination of vertical clonal spread as well as horizontal interspecies and intraspecies plasmid transfer. This broad rmtB dissemination in an endemic setting for KPC-producing clones is worrisome since it provides resistance to most clinically available aminoglycosides, including the novel aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme-resistant plazomicin.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Additional Information: This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Publisher: Elsevier
ISSN: 2213-7165
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 13 September 2021
Date of Acceptance: 6 December 2020
Last Modified: 09 May 2023 21:52
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/144061

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