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Using compositional analysis to explore the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular health in children and adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes

Marshall, Zoë A., Mackintosh, Kelly A., Gregory, John W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-3812 and McNarry, Melitta A. 2022. Using compositional analysis to explore the relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular health in children and adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes. Pediatric Diabetes 23 (1) , pp. 115-125. 10.1111/pedi.13288

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Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to use a compositional analysis approach to account for the inherent co-dependencies between behaviors and to explore how daily movement behaviors influence cardiovascular health in children with and without T1D. Research Design and Methods Augmentation index, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and heart rate variability were measured in 20 children with (11.9 ± 1.6 years) and 17 children without T1D (11.6 ± 2.2 years). Subsequently, physical activity and sleep were assessed at 20 Hz for 28 consecutive days using a wrist-worn accelerometer. Compositional analyses were utilized to explore the relative effects of each movement behavior and the overall movement complex on cardiovascular parameters, with predictive modeling used to explore the effects of reallocating 20 min between behaviors. Results Arterial stiffness markers were most influenced by the total movement composition, whereas autonomic function was most influenced by sedentary time and sleep relative to all other behaviors. Reallocation of time from moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) to any other behavior was predicted to negatively affect all cardiovascular measures, independent of disease status, whereas reallocating time to MVPA was consistently predicted to improve all outcome measures. Additionally, the same intensity of physical activity appeared to be more potent for cardiovascular health in T1D children compared to nondiabetic peers. Conclusions Intensity, rather than volume, of physical activity may be key in reducing risk of premature adverse changes in cardiovascular health, whereas increasing time in MVPA could potentially the slow progression of cardiovascular aging in children with diabetes.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Medicine
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
ISSN: 1399-543X
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 7 December 2021
Date of Acceptance: 18 October 2021
Last Modified: 03 May 2023 07:31
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/145995

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