A new reconstruction of the iridopteridalean Ibyka amphikoma Skog et Banks from the Middle Devonian of Gilboa, New York State

Berry, Christopher M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9521-5618, Stein, W. E. and Cordi, J. 2022. A new reconstruction of the iridopteridalean Ibyka amphikoma Skog et Banks from the Middle Devonian of Gilboa, New York State. International Journal of Plant Sciences 183 (6) , pp. 450-464. 10.1086/720721

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Abstract

Premise of research. Clarifying the basic anatomy and morphology of Devonian fossils is essential for understanding the origin and radiation of land plants in deep time. Iridopteridales is a major Devonian plant group for which there is no presently established whole-plant concept. Methodology. The type material of the iridopteridalean Ibyka amphikoma Skog et Banks was reprepared and redescribed to clarify the details of its branching patterns and enable comparison to the previously described anatomy. Pivotal results. At least three orders of branching are known. Insertions of laterals are dominantly whorled, sometimes imperfectly, with distinct internodes. Within a whorl, branches may substitute for dichotomous appendages, with the latter more numerous. A new reconstruction is presented. On the basis of the partially preserved anatomy and the comparison to anatomically preserved Iridopteridales, we infer that traces to the branches and appendages are emitted one from each arm of a multiribbed actinostele. This pattern contrasts with that of the only other iridopteridalean preserved both anatomically and morphologically, Compsocradus laevigatus Berry et Stein, in which traces are emitted from alternate ribs in each whorl, with angular offsets between adjacent whorls. Conclusions. This basic understanding of the essentially whorled organization of Iridopteridales, as well as their overall morphology and anatomy, will benefit attempts to infer the broader phylogeny of early land plants, including the origins of horsetails and ferns.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Earth and Environmental Sciences
Publisher:	University of Chicago Press
ISSN:	1058-5893
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	27 May 2022
Date of Acceptance:	3 May 2022
Last Modified:	07 Nov 2023 15:42
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/150085

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