Response to COVID-19 booster vaccinations in seronegative people with multiple sclerosis.

Tallantyre, Emma C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3760-6634, Scurr, Martin J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4120-0688, Vickaryous, Nicola, Richards, Aidan, Anderson, Valerie, Baker, David, Chance, Randy, Evangelou, Nikos, George, Katila, Giovannoni, Gavin, Harding, Katharine E., Hibbert, Aimee, Ingram, Gillian, Jolles, Stephen, Jones, Meleri, Kang, Angray S., Loveless, Samantha, Moat, Stuart J., Robertson, Neil P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-4909, Rios, Francesca, Schmierer, Klaus, Willis, Mark ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3024-6063, Godkin, Andrew ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1910-7567 and Dobson, Ruth 2022. Response to COVID-19 booster vaccinations in seronegative people with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 64 , 103937. 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103937

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Abstract

Background People with MS treated with anti-CD20 therapies and fingolimod often have attenuated responses to initial COVID-19 vaccination. However, uncertainties remain about the benefit of a 3rd (booster) COVID-19 vaccine in this group. Methods PwMS without a detectable IgG response following COVID-19 vaccines 1&2 were invited to participate. Participants provided a dried blood spot +/- venous blood sample 2–12 weeks following COVID-19 vaccine 3. Humoral and T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nucleocapsid antigen were measured. Results Of 81 participants, 79 provided a dried blood spot sample, of whom 38 also provided a whole blood sample; 2 provided only whole blood. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-spike IgG seroconversion post-COVID-19 vaccine 3 occurred in 26/79 (33%) participants; 26/40 (65%) had positive T-cell responses. Overall, 31/40 (78%) demonstrated either humoral or cellular immune response post-COVID-19 vaccine 3. There was no association between laboratory evidence of prior COVID-19 and seroconversion following vaccine 3. Conclusions Approximately one third of pwMS who were seronegative after initial COVID-19 vaccination seroconverted after booster (third) vaccination, supporting the use of boosters in this group. Almost 8 out of 10 had a measurable immune response following 3rd COVID-19 vaccine.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Publisher:	Elsevier
ISSN:	2211-0348
Funders:	N/A
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	14 June 2022
Date of Acceptance:	3 June 2022
Last Modified:	30 May 2023 21:02
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/150371

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