Exposure of primate reservoir hosts to mosquito vectors in Malaysian Borneo

Brown, Rebecca, Salgado Lynn, Milena, Jumail, Amaziasizamoria, Jalius, Cyrlen, Chua, Tock-Hing, Vythilingam, Indra and Ferguson, Heather M. 2022. Exposure of primate reservoir hosts to mosquito vectors in Malaysian Borneo. EcoHealth 19 , pp. 233-245. 10.1007/s10393-022-01586-8

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Abstract

Several vector-borne pathogens of primates have potential for human spillover. An example is the simian malaria Plasmodium knowlesi which is now a major public health problem in Malaysia. Characterization of exposure to mosquito vectors is essential for assessment of the force of infection within wild simian populations, however few methods exist to do so. Here we demonstrate the use of thermal imaging and mosquito magnet independence traps (MMIT) to assess the abundance, diversity and infection rates in mosquitoes host seeking near long-tailed macaque (Macaca fasicularis) sleeping sites in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, Malaysian Borneo. The primary Plasmodium knowlesi vector, Anopheles balabacensis, was trapped at higher abundance near sleeping sites than control trees. Although none of the An. balabacensis collected (n = 15) were positive for P. knowlesi by PCR screening, two were infected with another simian malaria Plasmodium inui. Analysis of macaque stools from sleeping sites confirmed a high prevalence of Plasmodium infection, suspected to be P. inui. Recently, natural transmission of P. inui has been detected in humans and An. cracens in Peninsular Malaysia. The presence of P. inui in An. balabacensis here and previously in human-biting collections highlight its potential for spillover from macaques to humans in Sabah. We advocate the use of MMITs for non-invasive sampling of mosquito vectors that host seek on wild simian populations.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Additional Information:	This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Publisher:	Springer
ISSN:	1612-9202
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	7 July 2022
Date of Acceptance:	10 March 2022
Last Modified:	09 May 2023 05:03
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/151108

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