Progenitor, environment, and modelling of the interacting transient AT 2016jbu (Gaia16cfr)

Brennan, S. J., Fraser, M., Johansson, J., Pastorello, A., Kotak, R., Stevance, H. F., Chen, T.-W., Eldridge, J. J., Bose, S., Brown, P. J., Callis, E., Cartier, R., Dennefeld, M., Dong, Subo, Duffy, P., Elias-Rosa, N., Hosseinzadeh, G., Hsiao, E., Kuncarayakti, H., Martin-Carrillo, A., Monard, B., Pignata, G., Sand, D., Shappee, B. J., Smartt, S. J., Tucker, B. E., Wyrzykowski, L., Abbot, H., Benetti, S., Bento, J., Blondin, S., Chen, Ping, Delgado, A., Galbany, L., Gromadzki, M., Gutiérrez, C. P., Hanlon, L., Harrison, D. L., Hiramatsu, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Holoien, T. W.-S., Howell, D. A., Inserra, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-4409, Kankare, E., Kozowski, S., Müller-Bravo, T. E., Maguire, K., McCully, C., Meintjes, P., Morrell, N., Nicholl, M., O'Neill, D., Pietrukowicz, P., Poleski, R., Prieto, J. L., Rau, A., Reichart, D. E., Schweyer, T., Shahbandeh, M., Skowron, J., Sollerman, J., Soszyski, I., Stritzinger, M. D., Szymaski, M., Tartaglia, L., Udalski, A., Ulaczyk, K., Young, D. R., van Leeuwen, M. and van Soelen, B. 2022. Progenitor, environment, and modelling of the interacting transient AT 2016jbu (Gaia16cfr). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 513 (4) , 5666–5685. 10.1093/mnras/stac1228

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Abstract

We present the bolometric light curve, identification and analysis of the progenitor candidate, and preliminary modelling of AT 2016jbu (Gaia16cfr). We find a progenitor consistent with a ∼ 22–25 M⊙ yellow hypergiant surrounded by a dusty circumstellar shell, in agreement with what has been previously reported. We see evidence for significant photometric variability in the progenitor, as well as strong Hα emission consistent with pre-existing circumstellar material. The age of the environment, as well as the resolved stellar population surrounding AT 2016jbu, supports a progenitor age of >10 Myr, consistent with a progenitor mass of ∼22 M⊙. A joint analysis of the velocity evolution of AT 2016jbu and the photospheric radius inferred from the bolometric light curve shows the transient is consistent with two successive outbursts/explosions. The first outburst ejected material with velocity ∼650 km s−1, while the second, more energetic event ejected material at ∼4500 km s−1. Whether the latter is the core collapse of the progenitor remains uncertain. We place a limit on the ejected 56Ni mass of <0.016 M⊙. Using the Binary Population And Spectral Synthesis (BPASS) code, we explore a wide range of possible progenitor systems and find that the majority of these are in binaries, some of which are undergoing mass transfer or common-envelope evolution immediately prior to explosion. Finally, we use the SuperNova Explosion Code (SNEC) to demonstrate that the low-energy explosions within some of these binary systems, together with sufficient circumstellar material, can reproduce the overall morphology of the light curve of AT 2016jbu.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Physics and Astronomy
Publisher:	Royal Astronomical Society
ISSN:	0035-8711
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	25 August 2022
Date of Acceptance:	27 April 2022
Last Modified:	12 May 2023 11:46
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/152152

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