Noh, Woo Yeong, Kim, Eun Mi, Kim, Kwang Young, Kim, Jin Hyun, Jeong, Hu Young, Sharma, Pankaj  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2319-260X, Lee, Geunsik, Jang, Ji-Wook, Joo, Sang Hoon and Lee, Jae Sung
      2020.
      
      Immobilizing single atom catalytic sites onto highly reduced carbon hosts: Fe–N4/CNT as a durable oxygen reduction catalyst for Na–air batteries.
      Journal of Materials Chemistry A: materials for energy and sustainability
      8
      
        (36)
      
      , pp. 18891-18902.
      
      10.1039/D0TA06489K
    
  
  
       
       
     
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Abstract
Immobilizing metal ions on a carbon support usually involves severe aggregation (sintering) and loose attachment of metal ions owing to a weak metal–support interaction. Here, we propose an alternative synthetic strategy termed ‘selective microwave annealing’ (SMA) to stabilize abundant single atom catalytic sites onto a highly reduced form of carbon host with only a few minutes of microwave irradiation. Thus, nitrogen-coordinated single atom iron sites on a carbon nanotube (Fe–N4/CNT) synthesized via SMA show unprecedented oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and pH-universal durability superior to those of thermally annealed Fe–N4/CNT and expensive Pt/C catalysts. Furthermore, an aqueous Na–air battery with our Fe–N4/CNT catalyst operates as effectively as the device with the Pt/C catalyst. The method provides a new concept for the design of various strongly coupled and highly dispersed carbon-supported catalysts, which could open up new avenues for use in a wide range of electrochemical and catalytic applications.
| Item Type: | Article | 
|---|---|
| Date Type: | Publication | 
| Status: | Published | 
| Schools: | Schools > Chemistry Research Institutes & Centres > Cardiff Catalysis Institute (CCI)  | 
      
| Publisher: | Royal Society of Chemistry | 
| ISSN: | 2050-7488 | 
| Date of Acceptance: | 17 August 2020 | 
| Last Modified: | 14 Nov 2022 14:30 | 
| URI: | https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/153558 | 
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