Arctic introgression and chromatin regulation facilitated rapid Qinghai-Tibet Plateau colonization by an avian predator

Hu, Li, Long, Juan, Lin, Yi, Gu, Zhongru, Su, Han, Dong, Xuemin, Lin, Zhenzhen, Xiao, Qian, Batbayar, Nyambayar, Bold, Batbayar, Deutschová, Lucia, Ganusevich, Sergey, Sokolov, Vasiliy, Sokolov, Aleksandr, Patel, Hardip R., Waters, Paul D., Graves, Jennifer Ann Marshall, Dixon, Andrew, Pan, Shengkai and Zhan, Xiangjiang 2022. Arctic introgression and chromatin regulation facilitated rapid Qinghai-Tibet Plateau colonization by an avian predator. Nature Communications 13 , 6413. 10.1038/s41467-022-34138-3

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Abstract

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), possesses a climate as cold as that of the Arctic, and also presents uniquely low oxygen concentrations and intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation. QTP animals have adapted to these extreme conditions, but whether they obtained genetic variations from the Arctic during cold adaptation, and how genomic mutations in non-coding regions regulate gene expression under hypoxia and intense UV environment, remain largely unknown. Here, we assemble a high-quality saker falcon genome and resequence populations across Eurasia. We identify female-biased hybridization with Arctic gyrfalcons in the last glacial maximum, that endowed eastern sakers with alleles conveying larger body size and changes in fat metabolism, predisposing their QTP cold adaptation. We discover that QTP hypoxia and UV adaptations mainly involve independent changes in non-coding genomic variants. Our study highlights key roles of gene flow from Arctic relatives during QTP hypothermia adaptation, and cis-regulatory elements during hypoxic response and UV protection.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Type: open-access Cardiff University - Institute of Zoology Joint Laboratory for Biocomplexity Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
Publisher:	Nature Research
ISSN:	2041-1723
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	31 October 2022
Date of Acceptance:	14 October 2022
Last Modified:	02 Oct 2023 03:56
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/153863

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