Rapid morphological change in UK populations of Impatiens glandulifera

Wyatt, A. L., Pardoe, H. S., Cleal, C. J. and Sanchez Vilas, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4049-8443 2024. Rapid morphological change in UK populations of Impatiens glandulifera. Scientific Reports 14 (1) , 19275. 10.1038/s41598-024-69710-y

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Abstract

The highly invasive Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam) is one of the most prolific and widespread invasive plants in the British Isles. Introduced in the early nineteenth century, it has now been reported in almost every vice county across the UK and is a fierce competitor that has adverse effects on the local community structure. Despite the negative impacts that invaders like I. glandulifera have on local communities, there have been very few studies which address the morphological changes that invasive plant populations have undergone since their initial introduction. This is the first study of its kind to investigate the morphological changes that have occurred in I. glandulifera. 315 herbarium specimens dating from 1865 to 2017 were used to measure changes in morphological traits such as leaf size, flower length and stomatal characteristics. We found that since 1865, there has been a significant reduction in overall leaf size, a significant reduction in stomatal density and a significant increase in the overall flower length. These results highlight the importance of monitoring the evolutionary change in prolific alien species over the course of their invasion, providing useful insights into changes in competitive ability which may prove useful in managing dispersal and providing options for potential management.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences Earth and Environmental Sciences
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Type: open-access
Publisher:	Nature Research
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	21 August 2024
Date of Acceptance:	7 August 2024
Last Modified:	21 Aug 2024 11:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/171515

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