Xu, Wen  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1745-5699, Harris, Irina ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0622-5123, Li, Jin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-6806, Wells, Peter ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4376-7178 and Foxall, Gordon ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3572-6456
2025.
Impacts of consumers? heterogeneity on decision-making in electric vehicle adoption: An integrated model.
Sustainability
17
, pp. 1-25.
10.3390/su17114981
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Abstract
Understanding consumer heterogeneity is crucial for analysing attitude formation and its role in innovation diffusion. Traditional top-down models struggle to reflect the nuanced characteristics and activities of the consumer population, while bottom-up approaches like agent-based modelling (ABM) offer the ability to simulate individual decision-making in social networks. However, current ABM applications often lack a strong theoretical foundation. This study introduces a novel, theory-driven ABM framework to examine the heterogeneity of consumer attitude formation, focusing on electric vehicle (EV) adoption across consumer segments. The model incorporates non-linear decision-making rules grounded in established consumer theories, incorporating Rogers’s Diffusion of Innovations, Social Influence Theory, and Theory of Planned Behaviour. The consumer agents are characterised using UK empirical data, and are segmented into early adopters, early majority, late majority, and laggards. Social interactions and attitude formation are simulated, micro-validated, and optimised using supervised machine learning (SML) approaches. The results reveal that early adopters and early majority are highly responsive to social influences, environmental beliefs, and external events such as the pandemic and the war conflict in performing pro-EV attitudes. In contrast, late majority and laggards show more stable or delayed responses. These findings provide actionable insights for targeting segments to enhance EV adoption strategies.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Date Type: | Publication |
| Status: | Published |
| Schools: | Schools > Engineering Schools > Business (Including Economics) |
| Publisher: | MDPI |
| Date of First Compliant Deposit: | 30 May 2025 |
| Date of Acceptance: | 27 May 2025 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Jun 2025 14:30 |
| URI: | https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/178600 |
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