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Radiative characteristics of premixed Coke Oven Gas-Ammonia swirling flames

Sato, Daisuke, Davies, Jordan, Lee, Sanggak, Mashruk, Syed, Valera Medina, Agustin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1580-7133 and Kurose, Ryoichi 2025. Radiative characteristics of premixed Coke Oven Gas-Ammonia swirling flames. Fuel: The Science and Technology of Fuel and Energy 401 , 135741. 10.1016/j.fuel.2025.135741

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Abstract

Coke Oven Gas (COG) is a by-product gas generated during coal carbonisation in coke ovens, containing H2, CH4, CO, CO2, and N2. Since COG is currently used as a heat source in steel works, co-firing COG with green ammonia is considered a promising decarbonisation method for steel works. However, experimental studies investigating the radiation characteristics of ammonia blended flames are limited, not only for COG-NH3 blends. In this study, combustion experiments with premixed COG-NH3 swirling flames are conducted at various COG-NH3 blends (0 ≤ XNH3 ≤ 0.9) and equivalence ratios (0.6 ≤ Φ ≤ 1.4), and their radiation characteristics are investigated. Specifically, an infrared spectrometer is used to investigate the typical wavelengths (2220, 2600 and 2700 nm) of NH3, H2O, and CO2 in the post flame zone, and a theoretical analysis of the internal radiation of the combustor is conducted based on the exhaust gas temperature and concentrations measurements. The results revealed that radiation primarily from H2O and CO2 peak at stoichiometric conditions, and interestingly, the change in radiation is more gradual on the rich side than on the lean side. It is also found that as the NH3 fraction in the fuel increase, H2O derived radiation increase while CO2 derived radiation decrease. Furthermore, the results suggest that while H2O radiation is dominant over CO2, differences in radiation due to blending are primarily caused by CO2. The findings from this study significantly contribute to the development of ammonia blended combustion systems that take radiation characteristics into account.

Item Type: Article
Date Type: Publication
Status: Published
Schools: Schools > Engineering
Publisher: Elsevier
ISSN: 0016-2361
Funders: EPSRC
Date of First Compliant Deposit: 27 June 2025
Date of Acceptance: 17 May 2025
Last Modified: 03 Jul 2025 10:45
URI: https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/179368

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