Evidence that Dmrta2 acts through repression of Pax6 in cortical patterning and identification of a mutation impairing DNA recognition associated with microcephaly in human

Shen, Xueyi, Anirudhan, Jithu, Fatima, Ambrin, Plant, Estelle, Szemes, Tünde, Bouveret, Zélie, Keruzore, Marc, Kricha, Sadia, Nan, Xinsheng ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0865-7934, Sabaté San José, Alba, Bianchin, Samuel, Veraghen, Bérénice, Delhaye, Louis-Paul, Mian, Bilal Ahmad, Khalid, Lubaba Bintee, Ali, Farhan, Zahra, Hijab, Ali, Asmat, Toft, Mathias, Dieu, Marc, Achouri, Younes, Li, Meng, Renard, Patricia, Van Lint, Carine, Poulard, Coralie, Iqbal, Zafar and Bellefroid, Eric J 2025. Evidence that Dmrta2 acts through repression of Pax6 in cortical patterning and identification of a mutation impairing DNA recognition associated with microcephaly in human. eNeuro 12 (6) , ENEURO.0377-24.2025. 10.1523/eneuro.0377-24.2025

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Abstract

Dmrta2 (also designated Dmrt5) is a transcriptional regulator expressed in cortical progenitors in a caudomedialhigh/rostrolaterallow gradient with important roles at different steps of cortical development. Dmrta2 has been suggested to act in cortex development mainly by differential suppression of Pax6 and other homeobox transcription factors such as the ventral telencephalic regulator Gsx2, which remains to be fully demonstrated. Here we have addressed the epistatic relation between Pax6 and Dmrta2 by comparing phenotypes in mutant embryos or embryos overexpressing both genes in various allelic combinations. We show that Dmrta2 cooperates with Pax6 in the maintenance of cortical identity in dorsal telencephalic progenitors and that it acts as a transcriptional repressor of Pax6 to control cortical patterning. Mechanistically, we show that in P19 cells, Dmrta2 acts as a DNA binding-dependent repressor on the Pax6 E60 enhancer and that a point mutation that affects its DNA binding properties identified in a consanguineous family leads to agenesis of the corpus callosum, pachygyria, and the absence of the cingulate gyrus. Finally, we provide evidence that Dmrta2 binds components of the NuRD repressor complex and interacts with zinc finger proteins such as Zfp423. Together, our results highlight the importance and conserved function of Dmrta2 in cortical development and provide novel insights into its mechanism of action.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Pharmacy
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: Title: cc by, Type: cc by
Publisher:	Society for Neuroscience
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 June 2025
Date of Acceptance:	15 April 2025
Last Modified:	30 Jun 2025 14:30
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/179422

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