JWST observations of SN 2023ixf II: The panchromatic evolution between 250 and 720 days after the explosion

Medler, K., Ashall, C., Hoeflich, P., Baron, E., DerKacy, J. M., Shahbandeh, M., Mera, T., Pfeffer, C. M., Hoogendam, W. B., Jones, D. O., Shiber, S., Fereidouni, E., Fox, O. D., Jencson, J., Galbany, L., Hinkle, J. T., Tucker, M. A., Shappee, B. J., Huber, M. E., Auchettl, K., Angus, C. R., Desai, D. D., Do, A., Payne, A. V., Shi, J., Kong, M. Y., Romagnoli, S., Syncatto, A., Clayton, G., Dulude, M., Engesser, M., Filippenko, A. V., Gomez, S., Hsiao, E. Y., de Jaeger, T., Johansson, J., Krisciunas, K., Kumar, S., Lu, J., Matsuura, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5529-5593 and Wesson, R. 2025. JWST observations of SN 2023ixf II: The panchromatic evolution between 250 and 720 days after the explosion. The Astrophysical Journal

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Abstract

We present the nebular phase spectroscopic and photometric observations of the nearby hydrogen-rich core-collapse supernova (CC-SN) 2023ixf, obtained through our JWST programs. These observations, combined with ground-based optical and near-infrared spectra, cover +252.67 - 719.96 d, creating a comprehensive, panchromatic time-series dataset spanning 0.32 - 30m. In this second paper of the series, we focus on identifying key spectral emission features and tracking their evolution through the nebular phase. The JWST data reveal hydrogen emission from the Balmer to Humphreys series, as well as prominent forbidden lines from Ne, Ar, Fe, Co, and Ni. NIRSpec observations display strong emission from the first overtone and fundamental bands of carbon monoxide, which weaken with time as the ejecta cools and dust emission dominates. The spectral energy distribution shows a clear infrared excess emerging by +252.67 d peaking around 10.0m, with a secondary bump at 18.0m developing by +719.96 d. We suggest that this evolution could arises from multiple warm dust components. In upcoming papers in this series, we will present detailed modeling of the molecular and dust properties. Overall, this dataset significantly advances our understanding of the mid-infrared properties of CC-SNe, providing an unprecedented view of their late-time line, molecule, and dust emission.

Item Type:	Article
Status:	In Press
Schools:	Schools > Physics and Astronomy
Additional Information:	Additional authors: P. A. Mazzali, D. Milisavljevic, N. Morrell, R. O'Steen, S. Park, M. M. Phillips, A. P. Ravi, A. Rest, J. Rho, N. B. Suntzeff, A. Sarangi, N. Smith, M. D. Stritzinger, L. Strolger, T. Szalai, T. Temim, S. Tinyanont, S. D. Van Dyk, L. Wang, Q. Wang, Y. Yang, S. Zsiros
Publisher:	American Astronomical Society
ISSN:	1538-4357
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	24 September 2025
Date of Acceptance:	14 September 2025
Last Modified:	24 Sep 2025 15:30
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/181314

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