A novel control strategy to enhance the transient performance of grid-forming converters

Xia, Xiangyang, Zhao, Xiaoyue, Liang, Jun ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-449X and ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1221-2144 2025. A novel control strategy to enhance the transient performance of grid-forming converters. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 10.1109/tie.2025.3595969

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Abstract

In response to the issues of transient power angle instability and fault current (FC) over-limit under severe grid three-phase symmetrical faults for grid-forming voltage source converters (GFM-VSCs), this article proposes a novel joint control method combining second-order sliding mode control (SOSMC) with voltage adaptive regulation. Initially, an improved integral sliding surface is introduced into the active power-frequency loop of the GFM-VSC, and a Lyapunov function is constructed, which pertains to a large-signal problem. Based on this stability criterion, an output power control law is designed to strictly limit the fluctuation of the power angle. Subsequently, a reactive power–voltage loop switching control is employed to provide stable reactive power and support grid voltage, while ensuring that the steady-state current (SSC) is maintained within a safe threshold. Additionally, during faults, a virtual impedance is engaged, and the transient current (TC) can be suppressed by adjusting the ratio of resistance-to-inductance (R/L) and recovery resistance. This method achieves power angle stability (PAS) and fault current suppression (FCS) simultaneously, even during grid voltage sags accompanied by phase changes. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method are validated on the real-time test platform.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	In Press
Schools:	Schools > Engineering
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html, Start Date: 2025-01-01
Publisher:	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
ISSN:	0278-0046
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	19 November 2025
Date of Acceptance:	23 July 2025
Last Modified:	20 Nov 2025 11:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/181518

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