Optimal allocation of grid-forming and grid-following WTGs for stable weak grid integration

Wang, Yining, Xiang, Wang, Zhang, Haobo, Shi, Xiaojie, Wen, Jinyu, Chao, Wujie, Huang, Junwei and Dai, Liyu 2025. Optimal allocation of grid-forming and grid-following WTGs for stable weak grid integration. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2024.03460

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Abstract

Replacing grid-following wind turbine generators (GFL WTGs) with grid-forming (GFM) WTGs can improve stability when integrating into weak power grids, but an excessive replacement is not reasonable with the issues such as equipment damage, ride-through failure and interactions of GFM WTGs. The existing allocation methods for GFM WTGs mainly focus on small signal stability, while ignoring the potential capacity exceeding problem caused by AC voltage support, which may result in inaccurate allocation results. Therefore, this paper proposes an allocation method considering the WTG capacity limits and small-signal stability. To determine whether the capacity limits of WTGs are met, the output power calculation method is adopted to determine the existence of steady-state operation points of all WTGs. Moreover, based on the smallsignal stability analysis, the shift of system dominant modes are monitored to assess system adaptability as the grid strength changes. Combining the above two factors, an optimal GFM WTGs allocation method is developed. On this basis, the influence factors such as active power variation, locations of GFM WTGs, Q-V droop control, and grid connection distance are analyzed. Finally, the proposed optimal allocation method for GFM WTGs is verified under various operation scenarios.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Published Online
Status:	In Press
Schools:	Schools > Engineering
ISSN:	2096-0042
Last Modified:	22 Oct 2025 08:45
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/181752

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