Radiative characteristics of premixed ammonia-hydrogen and cracked ammonia swirling flames

Sato, Daisuke, Davies, Jordan, Mashruk, Syed, Valera-Medina, Agustin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1580-7133 and Kurose, Ryoichi 2026. Radiative characteristics of premixed ammonia-hydrogen and cracked ammonia swirling flames. Applications in Energy and Combustion Science 25 , 100465. 10.1016/j.jaecs.2026.100465

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Abstract

Renewably produced ammonia does not emit CO2 with combustion. Therefore, numerous studies have been conducted in recent years to utilise ammonia as a carbon free fuel. However, there is limited previous knowledge regarding the radiation characteristics of ammonia blend combustion. In this study, radiation characteristics are investigated for 15 kW premixed swirling flames of NH3/H2 (70/30) and 20% cracked NH3, which have been frequent targets of recent research, with equivalence ratios varying from 0.6 ≤ Φ ≤ 1.4. Specifically, water radiation (wavelength 2.7 μm), which is the main radiation source, is measured using an infrared spectrometer. Additionally, radiation emission and absorption in the combustor are evaluated theoretically using H2O exhaust gas concentrations and temperature measurement data. The results suggest that radiation changes due to equivalence ratio variations are gradual on the rich side, showing different trends compared to the lean side. Furthermore, radiation attenuation in the combustor become active around Φ = 0.9. This suggests that when considering radiation in ammonia blend combustion, not only the blend composition but also equivalence ratio conditions must be carefully considered. In addition, radiative heat fluxes were analysed for three blends (NH3/H2, pure NH3, and cracked NH3) at Φ = 1.0, suggesting no significant differences in radiative heat flux among these blends. These research findin

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Engineering
Publisher:	Elsevier BV
ISSN:	2666-352X
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	9 February 2026
Date of Acceptance:	20 January 2026
Last Modified:	09 Feb 2026 14:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/184554

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