Degradation of 4-fluorophenol by Arthrobacter sp. strain IF1

Ferreira, Maria Isabelle M., Marchesi, Julian Roberto ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7994-5239 and Janssen, Dick B. 2008. Degradation of 4-fluorophenol by Arthrobacter sp. strain IF1. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 78 (4) , pp. 709-717. 10.1007/s00253-008-1343-3

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Abstract

A Gram-positive bacterial strain capable of aerobic biodegradation of 4-fluorophenol (4-FP) as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated by selective enrichment from soil samples collected near an industrial site. The organism, designated strain IF1, was identified as a member of the genus Arthrobacter on the basis of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis. Arthrobacter strain IF1 was able to mineralize 4-FP up to concentrations of 5 mM in batch culture. Stoichiometric release of fluoride ions was observed, suggesting that there is no formation of halogenated dead-end products during 4-FP metabolism. The degradative pathway of 4-FP was investigated using enzyme assays and identification of intermediates by gas chromatography (GC), GC–mass spectrometry (MS), high-performance liquid chromatography, and liquid chromatography–MS. Cell-free extracts of 4-FP-grown cells contained no activity for catechol 1,2-dioxygenase or catechol 2,3-dioxygenase, which indicates that the pathway does not proceed through a catechol intermediate. Cells grown on 4-FP oxidized 4-FP, hydroquinone, and hydroxyquinol but not 4-fluorocatechol. During 4-FP metabolism, hydroquinone accumulated as a product. Hydroquinone could be converted to hydroxyquinol, which was further transformed into maleylacetic acid and β-ketoadipic acid. These results indicate that the biodegradation of 4-FP starts with a 4-FP monooxygenase reaction that yields benzoquinone, which is reduced to hydroquinone and further metabolized via the β-ketoadipic acid pathway.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences Systems Immunity Research Institute (SIURI)
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	biodegradation; 4-Fluorophenol; hydroquinone; monooxygenase ; fluoride
Publisher:	Springer
ISSN:	0175-7598
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2022 08:38
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/18477

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