Structural constraints on the evolution of the collagen fibril: convergence on a 1014-residue COL domain

Slatter, David Anthony and Farndale, Richard William 2015. Structural constraints on the evolution of the collagen fibril: convergence on a 1014-residue COL domain. Open Biology 5 (5) , 140220. 10.1098/rsob.140220

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Abstract

Type I collagen is the fundamental component of the extracellular matrix. Its α1 gene is the direct descendant of ancestral fibrillar collagen and contains 57 exons encoding the rod-like triple-helical COL domain. We trace the evolution of the COL domain from a primordial collagen 18 residues in length to its present 1014 residues, the limit of its possible length. In order to maintain and improve the essential structural features of collagen during evolution, exons can be added or extended only in permitted, non-random increments that preserve the position of spatially sensitive cross-linkage sites. Such sites cannot be maintained unless the twist of the triple helix is close to 30 amino acids per turn. Inspection of the gene structure of other long structural proteins, fibronectin and titin, suggests that their evolution might have been subject to similar constraints.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Schools > Medicine
Additional Information:	License information from Publisher: LICENSE 1: URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Type: open-access
Publisher:	The Royal Society
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	3 March 2026
Date of Acceptance:	27 April 2015
Last Modified:	03 Mar 2026 12:00
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/185409

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