Starting a new life: Sperm PLC-zeta mobilizes the Ca2+ signal that induces egg activation and embryo development

Nomikos, Michail ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9761-6327, Swann, Karl ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4355-1449 and Lai, Francis Anthony ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2852-8547 2011. Starting a new life: Sperm PLC-zeta mobilizes the Ca2+ signal that induces egg activation and embryo development. BioEssays 34 (2) , pp. 126-134. 10.1002/bies.201100127

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Abstract

We have discovered that a single sperm protein, phospholipase C-zeta (PLCζ), can stimulate intracellular Ca(2+) signalling in the unfertilized oocyte ('egg') culminating in the initiation of embryonic development. Upon fertilization by a spermatozoon, the earliest observed signalling event in the dormant egg is a large, transient increase in free Ca(2+) concentration. The fertilized egg responds to the intracellular Ca(2+) rise by completing meiosis. In mammalian eggs, the Ca(2+) signal is delivered as a train of long-lasting cytoplasmic Ca(2+) oscillations that begin soon after gamete fusion and persist beyond the completion of meiosis. Sperm PLCζ effects Ca(2+) release from egg intracellular stores by hydrolyzing the membrane lipid PIP(2) and consequent stimulation of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP(3) ) receptor Ca(2+) -signalling pathway, leading to egg activation and early embryogenesis. Recent advances have refined our understanding of how PLCζ induces Ca(2+) oscillations in the egg and also suggest its potential dysfunction as a cause of male infertility.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics
Uncontrolled Keywords:	calcium signalling; fertilization; oocyte activation; phospholipase C; sperm
Additional Information:	Review Essays
Publisher:	Wiley
ISSN:	0265-9247
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2022 09:48
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/22233

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