The glutamate transporter GLAST-1 (EAAT-1) is expressed in the plasma membrane of osteocytes and is responsive to extracellular glutamate concentration.

Huggett, J. F., Mustafa, A., O'Neal, L. and Mason, Deborah Jane ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8666-6094 2002. The glutamate transporter GLAST-1 (EAAT-1) is expressed in the plasma membrane of osteocytes and is responsive to extracellular glutamate concentration. Biochemical Society Transactions 30 (6) , pp. 890-893. 10.1042/BST0300890

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Abstract

The glutamate/aspartate transporter GLAST-1 is expressed in bone in vivo and also exists as a splice variant (GLAST-1a) in which exon 3 is excluded. Since GLAST-1 expression is regulated in bone in response to osteogenic mechanical stimuli in vivo and binding of glutamate to receptors on osteoblasts increases osteoblast number and activity in vitro, control of extracellular glutamate concentrations may be critical for balanced bone remodelling. To determine whether GLAST isoforms may act to regulate extracellular glutamate concentration in bone we investigated whether their pattern or level of expression is responsive to glutamate concentration in bone cells. GLAST-1a mRNA is expressed at lower levels than GLAST-1 mRNA in all cells examined. The GLAST-1a/GLAST-1 mRNA ratio is greater in MLO-Y4 osteocytes than in SaOS-2 osteoblast-like cells, although this does vary in SaOS-2 cells in response to extracellular glutamate concentration. Transfection of MLO-Y4 cells with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged GLAST isoforms revealed a plasma membrane localization of GLAST-1, consistent with its transporter function, whereas GLAST-1a appeared to be expressed within internal vesicles. Interestingly, low extracellular glutamate concentrations redistributed GLAST-1-GFP into a similar internal expression pattern. Regulation of the expression and distribution of GLAST-1 by extracellular glutamate in bone cells indicates that it may regulate glutamate signalling in bone, consistent with its operation in the central nervous system.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology Q Science > QH Natural history > QH426 Genetics Q Science > QP Physiology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bone; MLO-Y4 osteoblast
Additional Information:	677th Meeting Held at Cardiff University, Wales, 16–18 July 2002
Publisher:	Biochemical Society
ISSN:	0300-5127
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2022 10:20
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/24036

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