The nasal decongestant effect of xylometazoline in the common cold

Eccles, Ronald ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9492-2062, Eriksson, Margareta, Garreffa, Steve and Chen, Shirley 2008. The nasal decongestant effect of xylometazoline in the common cold. American Journal of Rhinology 22 (5) , pp. 491-496. 10.2500/ajr.2008.22.3202

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Abstract

Background: Xylometazoline is a nasal decongestant spray that constricts nasal blood vessels and increases nasal airflow, enabling patients with a blocked nose to breathe more easily. The purpose of this study was to characterize objectively and subjectively the decongestant and additional effects of xylometazoline in the common cold. Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study was performed. Patients with a common cold (n = 61) were treated with xylometazoline 0.1% (n = 29) or placebo (saline solution; n = 32; 1 spray three times a day for up to 10 days). The primary objective was to determine the decongestant effect (nasal conductance); the secondary objectives were to determine the peak subjective effect (visual analog scale), duration of relief of nasal congestion, total and individual cold symptoms and general well-being (patients' daily diary), and adverse events (AEs). Results: The decongestant effect of xylometazoline was significantly greater than placebo, as shown by the nasal conductance at 1 hour (384.23 versus 226.42 cm3/s; p ≤ 0.0001) and peak subjective effect (VAS, 20.7 mm versus 31.5 mm; p = 0.0298). Nasal conductance was significantly superior for up to 10 hours (p = 0.0009) and there was a trend in favor of xylometazoline for up to 12 hours (not statistically significant). Xylometazoline significantly improved total and some individual common cold symptoms scores (p < 0.05), leading to significantly greater patient general evaluation and satisfaction with treatment (p < 0.05). Nineteen AEs were reported: 8 with xylometazoline (all mild-moderate) and 11 with placebo (1 severe). Conclusion: Xylometazoline is an effective and well-tolerated decongestant nasal spray that significantly relieved nasal congestion compared with placebo in the common cold and provided long-lasting relief with just 1 spray, helping patients to breathe more easily for a longer period of time.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) R Medicine > RF Otorhinolaryngology R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Uncontrolled Keywords:	common cold; decongestant; nasal congestion; Otrivin; placebo effect; rhinomanometry; topical nasal decongestant; xylometazoline
Publisher:	OceanSide Publications
ISSN:	1050-6586
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2022 10:35
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/24891

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