| Lewis, Michael Bevan  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5735-5318 and Bowler, P. J.
      2009.
      
      Botulinum toxin cosmetic therapy correlates with a more positive mood.
      Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology
      8
      
        (1)
      
      , pp. 24-26.
      
      10.1111/j.1473-2165.2009.00419.x | 
Abstract
Background It has been suggested that botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) treatment for frown lines can also be used as a treatment for depression. A psychological mechanism for this effect is reviewed in which paralysis of the corrugator (frown) muscles leads to less facial feedback for negative emotions. Consequently, a negative affect is harder to maintain and so the person has a more positive mood. Methods In order to test this mechanism, the mood of patients who had received BTX-A treatment for glabelar frown lines was measured and compared with patients who had received other cosmetic treatments. Results The BTX-A–treated patients showed significantly less negative mood. Conclusion The results support the facial feedback view that frowning can make one unhappier. Treatments that prevent frowning correlate with reduced negative mood.
| Item Type: | Article | 
|---|---|
| Date Type: | Publication | 
| Status: | Published | 
| Schools: | Schools > Psychology | 
| Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology | 
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | botulinum toxin A; glabelar frown lines; mood; depression; facial feedback | 
| Publisher: | Wiley | 
| ISSN: | 1473-2165 | 
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2022 09:08 | 
| URI: | https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/30821 | 
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