Complement regulation by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF4 protein

Spiller, Owen Bradley ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9117-6911, Robinson, Mairi, O'Donnell, Elizabeth, Milligan, Steven, Morgan, Bryan Paul ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4075-7676, Davison, Andrew J. and Blackbourn, David J. 2003. Complement regulation by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF4 protein. Journal of Virology 77 (1) , pp. 592-599. 10.1128/JVI.77.1.592-599.2003

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Abstract

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with three types of human tumor: Kaposi's sarcoma, multicentric Castleman's disease, and primary effusion lymphoma. The virus encodes a number of proteins that participate in disrupting the immune response, one of which was predicted by sequence analysis to be encoded by open reading frame 4 (ORF4). The predicted ORF4 protein shares homology with cellular proteins referred to as regulators of complement activation. In the present study, the transcription profile of the ORF4 gene was characterized, revealing that it encodes at least three transcripts, by alternative splicing mechanisms, and three protein isoforms. Functional studies revealed that each ORF4 protein isoform inhibits complement and retains a C-terminal transmembrane domain. Consistent with the complement-regulating activity, we propose to name the proteins encoded by the ORF4 gene collectively as KSHV complement control protein (KCP). KSHV ORF4 is the most complex alternatively spliced gene encoding a viral complement regulator described to date. KCP inhibits the complement component of the innate immune response, thereby possibly contributing to the in vivo persistence and pathogenesis of this virus.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Medicine
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
ISSN:	0022-538X
Last Modified:	17 Oct 2022 08:30
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/314

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