Increased lipolysis and altered lipid homeostasis protect γ-synuclein–null mutant mice from diet-induced obesity

Millership, Steven, Ninkina, Natalia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8570-5648, Guschina, Irina, Norton, Jessica, Brambilla, Riccardo ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3569-5706, Oort, Pieter J., Adams, Sean H., Dennis, Rowena J., Voshol, Peter J., Rochford, Justin J. and Buchman, Vladimir L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-8352 2012. Increased lipolysis and altered lipid homeostasis protect γ-synuclein–null mutant mice from diet-induced obesity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 109 (51) , pp. 20943-20948. 10.1073/pnas.1210022110

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Abstract

Synucleins are a family of homologous proteins principally known for their involvement in neurodegeneration. γ-Synuclein is highly expressed in human white adipose tissue and increased in obesity. Here we show that γ-synuclein is nutritionally regulated in white adipose tissue whereas its loss partially protects mice from high-fat diet (HFD)–induced obesity and ameliorates some of the associated metabolic complications. Compared with HFD-fed WT mice, HFD-fed γ-synuclein–null mutant mice display increased lipolysis, lipid oxidation, and energy expenditure, and reduced adipocyte hypertrophy. Knockdown of γ-synuclein in adipocytes causes redistribution of the key lipolytic enzyme ATGL to lipid droplets and increases lipolysis. γ-Synuclein–deficient adipocytes also contain fewer SNARE complexes of a type involved in lipid droplet fusion. We hypothesize that γ-synuclein may deliver SNAP-23 to the SNARE complexes under lipogenic conditions. Via these independent but complementary roles, γ-synuclein may coordinately modulate lipid storage by influencing lipolysis and lipid droplet formation. Our data reveal γ-synuclein as a regulator of lipid handling in adipocytes, the function of which is particularly important in conditions of nutrient excess.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Biosciences
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology
Publisher:	National Academy of Sciences
ISSN:	0027-8424
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 March 2016
Last Modified:	10 Oct 2024 16:25
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/49360

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