Detection of interstellar oxidaniumyl: abundant H2O+ towards the star-forming regions DR21, Sgr B2, and NGC6334 [Letter]

Ossenkopf, V., Mueller, H. S. P., Lis, D. C., Schilke, P., Bell, T. A., Bruderer, S., Bergin, E., Ceccarelli, C., Comito, C., Stutzki, J., Bacman, A., Baudry, A., Benz, A. O., Benedettini, M., Berne, O., Blake, G., Boogert, A., Bottinelli, S., Boulanger, F., Cabrit, S., Caselli, P., Caux, E., Cernicharo, J., Codella, C., Coutens, A., Crimier, N., Crockett, N. R., Daniel, F., Demyk, K., Dieleman, P., Dominik, C., Dubernet, M. L., Emprechtinger, M., Encrenaz, P., Falgarone, E., France, K., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Giesen, T. F., di Giorgio, A. M., Goicoechea, J. R., Goldsmith, P. F., Guesten, R., Harris, A., Helmich, F., Herbst, E., Hily-Blant, P., Jacobs, K., Jacq, T., Joblin, Ch., Johnstone, D., Kahane, C., Kama, M., Klein, T., Klotz, A., Kramer, C., Langer, W., Lefloch, B., Leinz, C., Lorenzani, A., Lord, S. D., Maret, S., Martin, P. G., Martin-Pintado, J., McCoey, C., Melchior, M., Melnick, G. J., Menten, K. M., Mookerjea, B., Morris, P., Murphy, J. A., Neufeld, D. A., Nisini, B., Pacheco, S., Pagani, L., Parise, Berengere, Pearson, J. C., Perault, M., Phillips, T. G., Plume, R., Quin, S. -L., Rizzo, R., Roellig, M., Salez, M., Saraceno, P., Schlemmer, S., Simon, R., Schuster, K., van der Tak, F. F. S., Tielens, A. G. G. M., Teyssier, D., Trappe, N., Vastel, C., Viti, S., Wakelam, V., Walters, A., Wang, S., Whyborn, N., van der Wiel, M., Yorke, H. W., Yu, S. and Zmuidzinas, J. 2010. Detection of interstellar oxidaniumyl: abundant H2O+ towards the star-forming regions DR21, Sgr B2, and NGC6334 [Letter]. Astronomy and Astrophysics 518 , L111. 10.1051/0004-6361/201014577

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Abstract

Aims. We identify a prominent absorption feature at 1115 GHz, detected in first HIFI spectra towards high-mass star-forming regions, and interpret its astrophysical origin. Methods. The characteristic hyperfine pattern of the H2O+ ground-state rotational transition, and the lack of other known low-energy transitions in this frequency range, identifies the feature as H2O+ absorption against the dust continuum background and allows us to derive the velocity profile of the absorbing gas. By comparing this velocity profile with velocity profiles of other tracers in the DR21 star-forming region, we constrain the frequency of the transition and the conditions for its formation. Results. In DR21, the velocity distribution of H2O+ matches that of the [C ii] line at 158 μm and of OH cm-wave absorption, both stemming from the hot and dense clump surfaces facing the H ii-region and dynamically affected by the blister outflow. Diffuse foreground gas dominates the absorption towards Sgr B2. The integrated intensity of the absorption line allows us to derive lower limits to the H2O+ column density of 7.2 × 1012 cm-2 in NGC 6334, 2.3 × 1013 cm-2 in DR21, and 1.1 × 1015 cm-2 in Sgr B2.

Item Type:	Article
Date Type:	Publication
Status:	Published
Schools:	Physics and Astronomy
Subjects:	Q Science > QB Astronomy
Uncontrolled Keywords:	astrochemistry; line: identification; molecular data; ISM: abundances; ISM: molecules; ISM: clouds
Additional Information:	Special Issue: Herschel: the first science highlights. Pdf uploaded in accordance with publisher's policy at http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/0004-6361/ (accessed 17/04/2014)
Publisher:	EDP Sciences
ISSN:	0004-6361
Date of First Compliant Deposit:	30 March 2016
Last Modified:	26 May 2023 13:05
URI:	https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/52810

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